OPTIMISING CUTTING PARAMETERS OF AISI H13 TO REDUCE TOOL WEAR AND SURFACE ROUGHNESS IN THE LATHE CNC MACHINING PROCESS

Abstract

This study evaluates tool wear and surface roughness (Ra) using carbide cutting tools at various cutting speeds (Vc), feed rates (Fr), and a high constant cutting depth of 1 mm on AISI H13 using a computer numerically controlled (CNC) lathe. When the machining parameters are not matched correctly, the machining performance decreases, increasing tool wear and Ra. This study aims to obtain the most suitable machine parameters for machining AISI H13. In addition, the study reveals the wear mechanism of the cutting tool effect for various machining parameters. The experiments were conducted at 100–200 m/min Vc, a 0.05–0.10 mm/rev Fr, and a constant cut depth of 1 mm (hard turning). The results show that 170 m/min Vc at 0.05 mm/rev Fr produces the lowest flank wear than other Vc. For 0.10 mm/rev Fr, the lowest flank wear was 140 m/min Vc and increased significantly by 57% when Vc was increased to 200 m/min Vc. This cutting speed causes severe damage to the cutting tool, such as chipping, notching, built-up edge (BUE), and flaking. The result for the overall Ra shows that the combination between 0.05 mm/rev Fr and 140 m/min Vc gives the best machining parameter, 0.24 um. This study reveals the impact of machining parameters on AISI H13 and the implications for wear characteristics and surface roughness.